发布时间：2006.6
摘要
INTRODUCTION
The aim of this report is to provide a range of information-from detailed market analyses through industry trends-to quantify and qualify the market for therapeutic enzyme inhibitors with large markets and/or broad therapeutic applications.
This report offers a broad detailed overview of enzyme inhibitors currently on the market and those in late-stage clinical trials. The information and analysis presented in this report are important assets in decision-making for managers involved in business development, marketing, market research, product development, mergers and acquisitions, licensing, business management, investment banking and deal creation, and to consultants to the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industry. The study provides a comprehensive analysis of the current markets for enzyme inhibiting drugs and, in particular, the market potential of promising drugs and technologies under development.
SCOPE OF STUDY
This report contains:
The major current and emerging therapeutic markets for enzyme inhibitors used in human therapeutics,
A discussion of the biochemistry for enzyme inhibitors and classes of enzyme inhibiting products with broad current or potential therapeutic applications or large markets,
A synopsis of more than 100 enzyme inhibitors, including those currently marketed and those in Phase II or later development,
An overview of the leading indications for available and emerging enzyme inhibitors. These include selected indications for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cardiovascular diseases, erectile dysfunction, gastrointestinal disorders, hepatitis B virus infection, hepatitis C virus infection, herpesvirus infections, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and rheumatoid arthritis and related inflammatory diseases,
Forecasts for the global market, through 2011,
Company Profiles emphasizing companies that lead the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industry in the research and development of enzyme-inhibiting drugs.
METHODOLOGY
The base year for this study is 2005. Figures are based on revenue figures at the manufacturers' level and are projected at 2005 dollar value; that is, inflation is not computed into the projection figures.
Information to prepare this study was derived from information obtained from product managers, marketing strategists, research executives and others at leading pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies that compete in the market for enzyme inhibitors or which have products in development for this market.
INFORMATION SOURCES
The information and analyses presented in this report are based on an extensive survey of the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries as well as a detailed examination of published literature and reports obtained from regulatory authorities, medical research institutions, pharmaceutical trade associations and national and world health organizations. Key information from the business literature was used as to obtain expert opinion on commercial potential and market sizes from industry professionals.
目录及图表
Enzyme Inhibitors with Broad Therapeutic Applications $ 4850.00
Chapter 1 - EXECUTIVE SUMMARY $ 150.00
Summary Table: GLOBAL FORECAST OF ENZYME INHIBITOR CLASS REVENUES, THROUGH 2011 ($ MILLIONS) 0
Summary Figure: PERCENTAGE OF REVENUES BY ENZYME INHIBITOR CLASS, IN 2005 AND 2011 (%) 0
Chapter 2 - OVERVIEW $ 388.00
BACKGROUND 1
ENZYMES 1
Figure 1 HOW AN ENZYME COMBINES TWO CHEMICALS 2
THE FUNCTION OF ENZYME INHIBITORS 2
TYPES OF INHIBITORS 3
Competitive, Noncompetitive, and Uncompetitive 3
Figure 2 COMPETITIVE INHIBITION 3
Figure 3 NONCOMPETITIVE INHIBITION 4
Reversible and Irreversible 4
Selective and Nonselective 4
CLASSES OF ENZYME INHIBITORS 5
Table 1 ENZYME INHIBITORS BY CLASS: DEFINITION AND EXAMPLES 5
Table 1 (CONTINUED) 6
CYCLOOXYGENASE INHIBITORS 6
DNA POLYMERASE INHIBITORS 7
INTEGRASE INHIBITORS 7
HIV INTEGRASE 7
PHOSPHODIESTERASE INHIBITORS 8
PROTEASE INHIBITORS 9
HIV PROTEASE 10
PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS (ATPASE INHIBITORS) 10
TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITORS 11
HIV REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE 11
Chapter 3 - PRODUCTS $ 3316.00
COX-2 INHIBITORS 12
COX-2 PRODUCTS ON THE MARKET 12
Celebrex 12
Mobic 12
The Market for COX-2 Inhibitors 13
Table 2 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR COX-2 INHIBITORS BY PRODUCT, THROUGH 2011 ($ MILLIONS) 13
Table 3 U.S. MARKET FORECAST FOR COX-2 INHIBITORS BY PRODUCT, THROUGH 2011 ($ MILLIONS) 14
PRODUCTS AWAITING FDA APPROVAL 14
NEXT-GENERATION COX-2 INHIBITORS 15
AFTER-EFFECTS OF THE WITHDRAWAL OF VIOXX AND BEXTRA 16
After-Effects of the Withdrawal…(Continued) 17
After-Effects of the Withdrawal…(Continued) 18
Creating an Unwarranted Market? 19
The FDA Takes a Hard Look at Direct-To-Consumer Advertising 20
The Future of COX-2 Inhibitors 21
The Future of COX-2 Inhibitors (Continued) 22
The Effect of Insurance Company Reimbursement 23
PHOSPHODIESTERASE INHIBITORS 23
PDE1 INHIBITORS 24
PDE3 INHIBITORS 24
PDE3 Inhibitors in Phase II or Later Development 25
PDE4 INHIBITORS 25
PDE4 Inhibitors (Continued) 26
The Market for PDE4 Inhibitors 27
Table 4 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR PDE4 INHIBITORS BY PRODUCT, THROUGH 2011 ($ MILLIONS) 27
Table 5 U.S. MARKET FORECAST FOR PDE4 INHIBITORS BY PRODUCT, THROUGH 2011 ($ MILLIONS) 27
PRODUCT 27
PDE4 Inhibitors in Phase II or Later Development 27
Table 6 PDE4 INHIBITORS IN PHASE II OR LATER DEVELOPMENT 28
Ariflo 28
Awd12-281 28
Daxas 28
IC485 29
Ono-6126 29
Drawbacks of PDE4 Inhibitors Currently in Development 29
PDE5 INHIBITORS 29
Marketed Products 30
Cialis 30
Levitra 31
Revatio 31
Viagra 32
Zydena 32
The Market for PDE5 Inhibitors 32
Table 7 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR PDE5 INHIBITORS BY PRODUCT, THROUGH 2011 ($ MILLIONS) 33
Table 8 U.S. MARKET FORECAST FOR PDE5 INHIBITORS BY PRODUCT, THROUGH 2011 ($ MILLIONS) 33
PDE5 Inhibitors in Phase II or Later Development 34
Table 9 PDE5 INHIBITORS IN PHASE II OR LATER DEVELOPMENT 34
NM 702 34
TA-1790 34
Tadalafil 35
PDE7 INHIBITORS 36
PDE10 INHIBITORS 36
PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS 37
ACIPHEX/PARIET 37
NEXIUM 37
PREVACID 38
PRILOSEC/LOSEC 38
PANTOZOL 39
PROTONIX/ PROTIUM 39
TAKEPRON 39
ZEGERID 39
GENERIC PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS 40
COMPARISON OF PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS 40
Table 10 BRANDED PRESCRIPTION PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS AND SUPPLIERS 41
COST OF PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS 41
THE MARKET FOR PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS 42
Table 11 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR PRESCRIPTION, BRANDED PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS BY PRODUCT, THROUGH 2011 ($ MILLIONS) 42
Table 12 U.S. MARKET FOR PRESCRIPTION, BRANDED PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS BY PRODUCT, THROUGH 2011 ($ MILLIONS) 43
PRODUCT 43
TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITORS 43
LACK OF INCENTIVE TO DEVELOP DRUGS TO TREAT HIV AND AIDS 43
THE IMPACT OF THE AVAILABILITY OF ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY 44
THE INTRODUCTION OF HAART 44
Table 13 NUMBER OF DEATHS FROM AIDS IN THE U.S., 1988-2005 45
THE FIRST GENERIC HIV/AIDS DRUG ENTERS THE U.S. MARKET 45
EFFORTS TO REDUCE THE COST OF HIV DRUGS IN THE DEVELOPING WORLD 46
Boehringer Ingelheim and GlaxoSmithKline Sign Agreements 46
AIDS Healthcare Foundation Lawsuit 46
Sub-Saharan Africa Generic Production Agreement 47
Merck Reduces the Cost of Stocrin 48
EFFORTS TO MAKE GENERIC HIV DRUGS AVAILABLE IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES 48
The World Trade Organization Steps In 48
Generic AIDS Drug Combinations Approved by the FDA for Emergency AIDS Relief Plan 49
A Strategy to Gain a Foothold in the World Market 49
Clinton Foundation Negotiates Lower Drug Prices for Poor Countries 50
Other Struggles to Gain Access to Generic HIV Drugs 50
"THE 3 BY 5 INITIATIVE" 51
Main Plan Objectives 51
Status at the End of 2005 52
DRUG RESISTANCE IN HIV/AIDS 52
Definition of Antiviral Drug Resistance 52
How Resistance Develops 53
Locations of Mutations 54
Types of Resistance 54
Current Status of Resistance 55
2003 CATCH Study 56
Resistance among HIV Cases in Europe 57
Table 14 RESISTANCE AMONG HIV-POSITIVE PATIENTS IN EUROPE AS DETERMINED BY THE CATCH STUDY 57
Conclusions 57
Novel Drug Resistance Treatment Strategies 58
Acute Infection and Early Disease Research Program 58
Types of Drug Resistance Testing 59
Genotypic and Phenotypic Testing 60
Genotypic Testing 60
Table 15 PROTEASE MUTATIONS 60
Table 15 (CONTINUED) 61
Table 16 REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE MUTATIONS 61
Phenotypic Testing 62
Comparison of Genotypic Versus Phenotypic Testing 63
Table 17 ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF GENOTYPIC VERSUS PHENOTYPIC TESTING 64
Reimbursement for HIV Drug Resistance Testing 64
Guidelines for HIV Drug Resistance Testing 65
The Special Case of Protease Inhibitors 66
The Rationale for Genotypic Testing for HIV-I Drug Resistance 66
Available HIV Drug Resistance Tests 67
SALIVA TESTS APPROVED TO DETECT HIV 68
COST OF HIV/AIDS TREATMENT 69
Table 18 ESTIMATED ANNUAL COSTS FOR HAART IN U.S. AND SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA 69
ABBOTT INCREASES THE COST OF NORVIR FIVE-FOLD 69
Abbott Increases the Cost…(Continued) 70
Table 19 COMPARISON OF AVERAGE ANNUAL COST OF BOOSTED* PROTEASE INHIBITOR-BASED HIV TREATMENT REGIMENS BEFORE AND AFTER NORVIR PRICE INCREASE ($) 71
AVAILABLE PRODUCTS FOR THE TREATMENT OF HIV INFECTION AND AIDS 71
Table 20 FDA-APPROVED DRUGS FOR THE TREATMENT OF HIV INFECTION/AIDS 71
Table 20 (CONTINUED) 72
THE MARKET FOR ENZYME-INHIBITING PRODUCTS TO TREAT HIV INFECTION AND AIDS 73
Table 21 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR ENZYME-INHIBITING HIV/AIDS THERAPEUTICS, THROUGH 2011 ($ MILLIONS) 73
Table 21 (CONTINUED) 74
Table 22 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR ENZYME-INHIBITING HIV/AIDS THERAPEUTICS BY PRODUCT, THROUGH 2011 ($ MILLIONS) 74
Figure 4 MARKET SHARE OF ENZYME-INHIBITING HIV/AIDS DRUGS BY PRODUCT CATEGORY, WORLDWIDE SALES: 2006 AND 2011 (%) 75
THE U.S. MARKET FOR ENZYME-INHIBITING HIV/AIDS DRUGS 75
Table 23 U.S. MARKET FORECAST FOR ENZYME-INHIBITING HIV/AIDS THERAPEUTICS, THROUGH 2011 ($ MILLIONS) 76
Figure 5 U.S. MARKET FORECAST FOR ENZYME-INHIBITING HIV/AIDS THERAPEUTICS, 2004-2011 ($ MILLIONS) 76
COMBINATION PRODUCTS EMERGE AS PREFERRED TREATMENT 76
LEADING MARKETERS OF HIV/AIDS DRUGS 77
Leaders in the Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor Class 78
CATEGORIES OF ENZYME-INHIBITING DRUGS AVAILABLE FOR THE TREATMENT OF HIV/AIDS 78
Nonnucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors 78
Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors 79
Nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors 79
Protease Inhibitors 80
Side Effects of Marketed HIV Drugs 81
Adverse Cardiovascular Events 81
SELECTED TRANSCRIPTASE-INHIBITING DRUGS INTRODUCED TO THE U.S. MARKET IN 2003, 2004 AND 2005 81
Table 24 ENZYME INHIBITING PRODUCT INTRODUCTIONS FOR THE TREATMENT OF HIV INFECTION, U.S., 2002-2005 82
Nonnucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors 82
Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors 82
Emtriva 83
Epizicom 83
Truvada 83
Nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors 83
Protease Inhibitors 83
Aptivus 84
Lexiva/Telzir 85
Reyataz 85
DOSING AND COMPLIANCE CHALLENGES 86
Table 25 DAILY DOSAGE REQUIREMENTS FOR SELECTED HIV/AIDS THERAPIES 86
Table 26 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN COMPLIANCE AND DOSING FREQUENCY 86
THE IDEAL TREATMENT REGIMEN 87
THE NUMBER OF SALVAGE PATIENTS CONTINUES TO INCREASE 87
ENZYME-INHIBITING DRUGS IN DEVELOPMENT FOR THE TREATMENT AND/OR PREVENTION OF HIV INFECTION AND AIDS 88
Table 27 ENZYME-INHIBITING PRODUCTS IN PHASE II OR LATER DEVELOPMENT FOR THE TREATMENT AND/OR PREVENTION OF HIV INFECTION/AIDS 88
Table 27 (CONTINUED) 89
THE THREE MAIN ENZYME TARGETS FOR ANTIRETROVIRAL DRUGS 89
Integrase 90
JTK-303 90
MK-0518 90
Protease 90
Protease Inhibitors in Phase II or Later Development 90
Brecanavir 91
Darunavir 91
Reverse Transcriptase 92
Nonnucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors In Phase II Or Later Development 93
Calanolide A 93
Capravirine 93
Etravirine 93
MIV-150 93
MIV-210 94
TMC-278 94
Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors In Phase II Or Later Development 94
Alovudine 94
Amdoxovir 94
Dexelvucitabine 95
Elvucitabine 95
Racivir 96
SPD754 96
TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITORS FOR THE TREATMENT OF OTHER VIRAL DISEASES 96
Marketed Transcriptase Inhibitors For The Treatment Of Other Viral Diseases 96
Table 28 MARKETED NUCLEOSIDE ANALOG INHIBITORS FOR THE TREATMENT OF OTHER VIRAL DISEASES 96
Table 28 (CONTINUED) 97
Nucleoside Analogs Introduced Between 2003 and 2005 for the Treatment of Other Viral Diseases 97
Baraclude 97
The Market for Nucleoside Analogs to Treat Other Viral Diseases 98
Table 29 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR NUCLEOSIDE ANALOG-BASED DRUGS TO TREAT OTHER VIRAL DISEASES, THROUGH 2011 ($ MILLIONS) 98
Figure 6 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR NUCLEOSIDE ANALOG-BASED DRUGS TO TREAT OTHER VIRAL DISEASES, 2004-2011 ($ MILLIONS) 98
Nucleoside Analogs in Phase II Or Later Development for Other Viral Diseases 99
Hepatitis B Virus Infection 99
Clevudine 99
Elvucitabine 100
MIV-210 100
Pradefovir Mesylate 100
Telbivudine 101
Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate 102
Valtorcitabine 102
Hepatitis C Virus Infection 102
GS1392 102
JTK-003 103
Valopicitabine 103
Viramidine 104
VX-950 104
Herpesvirus Infections 104
Valomaciclovir 105
Chapter 4 - APPLICATIONS $ 988.00
ASTHMA AND CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE 106
ASTHMA 106
CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE 107
THE ROLE OF CYTOKINES IN ASTHMA AND COPD 108
THE MARKET FOR ENZYME INHIBITING DRUGS TO TREAT ASTHMA AND COPD 109
Table 30 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR ENZYME INHIBITING DRUGS TO TREAT ASTHMA AND COPD, THROUGH 2011 ($ MILLIONS) 110
Figure 7 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR ENZYME INHIBITING DRUGS TO TREAT ASTHMA AND COPD, 2004-2011 ($ MILLIONS) 110
BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA 110
CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES 111
CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE 111
Congestive Heart Failure (Continued) 112
HYPERTENSION 113
Hypertension (Continued) 114
INTERMITTENT CLAUDICATION 115
PULMONARY ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION 115
THE MARKET FOR ENZYME INHIBITING DRUGS TO TREAT CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES 115
Table 31 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR ENZYME INHIBITING DRUGS TO TREAT CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES, THROUGH 2011 ($ MILLIONS) 116
Figure 8 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR ENZYME INHIBITING DRUGS TO TREAT CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES, 2004-2011 ($ MILLIONS) 116
ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION 116
THE MARKET FOR ENZYME INHIBITING DRUGS TO TREAT ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION 117
Table 32 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR ENZYME INHIBITING DRUGS TO TREAT ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION, THROUGH 2011 ($ MILLIONS) 117
Figure 9 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR ENZYME INHIBITING DRUGS TO TREAT ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION, 2004-2011 ($ MILLIONS) 118
GASTROINTESTINAL DISEASES 118
THE MARKET FOR ENZYME INHIBITING DRUGS TO TREAT GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDERS 119
Table 33 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR ENZYME INHIBITING DRUGS TO TREAT GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDERS, THROUGH 2011 ($ MILLIONS) 119
Figure 10 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR ENZYME INHIBITING DRUGS TO TREAT GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDERS, 2004-2011 ($ MILLIONS) 119
HEPATITIS B VIRUS INFECTION 120
THE MARKET FOR ENZYME INHIBITING DRUGS TO TREAT HEPATITIS B INFECTION 120
Table 34 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR ENZYME INHIBITING DRUGS TO TREAT HEPATITIS B INFECTION, THROUGH 2011 ($ MILLIONS) 120
Figure 11 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR ENZYME INHIBITING DRUGS TO TREAT HEPATITIS B INFECTION, 2004-2011 ($ MILLIONS) 121
HEPATITIS C VIRUS INFECTION 121
THE MARKET FOR ENZYME INHIBITING DRUGS TO TREAT HEPATITIS C INFECTION 122
Table 35 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR ENZYME INHIBITING DRUGS TO TREAT HEPATITIS C INFECTION, THROUGH 2011 ($ MILLIONS) 122
HERPESVIRUS INFECTIONS 122
CYTOMEGALOVIRUS 123
HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS 123
HERPES ZOSTER VIRUS 124
THE MARKET FOR ENZYME INHIBITING DRUGS TO TREAT HERPESVIRUS INFECTIONS 124
Table 36 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR ENZYME INHIBITING DRUGS TO TREAT HERPESVIRUS INFECTIONS, THROUGH 2011 ($ MILLIONS) 125
HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION AND ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME 125
HIV AND AIDS STATISTICS 125
Number of HIV/Living with AIDS Cases in 2005 by Geographic Region 126
Table 37 ESTIMATED NUMBER OF PERSONS INFECTED WITH HIV/LIVING WITH AIDS, ADULTS AND CHILDREN, BY GEOGRAPHIC REGION, 2005 126
Geographic Region 2005 Percentage of Global HIV Cases by Geographic Region 126
Table 38 PERCENTAGE OF GLOBAL HIV CASES BY GEOGRAPHIC REGION, 2005 126
New HIV Cases in 2005 by Region 127
Table 39 ESTIMATED NUMBER OF PEOPLE NEWLY INFECTED WITH HIV, ADULTS AND CHILDREN, BY GEOGRAPHIC REGION, 2005 127
2005 AIDS Deaths by Region 127
Table 40 ESTIMATED NUMBER OF DEATHS FROM AIDS, ADULTS AND CHILDREN, BY GEOGRAPHIC REGION, 2005 127
Estimated Number of HIV Cases by Country in 2002 and 2010 128
Table 41 ESTIMATED NUMBER OF PEOPLE INFECTED WITH HIV IN SELECTED COUNTRIES, 2002 AND 2010 (MILLION) 128
HIV INFECTION AND AIDS CASES IN THE U.S. 128
THE NEED FOR BETTER ACCESS TO TREATMENT 129
Table 42 PERCENT OF PATIENTS RECEIVING ANTIRETROVIRAL TREATMENT FOR HIV INFECTION BY GEOGRAPHIC REGION 129
ENZYME INHIBITORS TO TREAT HIV/AIDS 130
THE MARKET FOR ENZYME INHIBITING DRUGS TO TREAT HIV INFECTION AND AIDS 130
Table 43 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR ENZYME INHIBITING DRUGS TO TREAT HIV INFECTION AND AIDS, THROUGH 2011 ($ MILLIONS) 131
Figure 12 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR ENZYME INHIBITING DRUGS TO TREAT HIV INFECTION AND AIDS, 2004-2011 ($ MILLIONS) 131
RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS AND RELATED INFLAMMATORY DISEASES 131
THE MARKET FOR ENZYME INHIBITING DRUGS TO TREAT RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS AND RELATED 132
Table 44 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR ENZYME-INHIBITING DRUGS TO TREAT RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS AND RELATED INFLAMMATORY DISEASES, THROUGH 2011 ($ MILLIONS) 133
Chapter 5 - COMPANY PROFILES $ 1129.00
ABBOTT LABORATORIES 134
BUSINESS OVERVIEW 134
FINANCIAL INFORMATION 134
PRODUCTS 134
CORPORATE STRATEGY 134
ACHILLION PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. 135
BUSINESS OVERVIEW 135
PRODUCTS 135
CORPORATE STRATEGY 135
ALTANA PHARMA 136
BUSINESS OVERVIEW 136
FINANCIAL INFORMATION 136
PRODUCTS 137
CORPORATE STRATEGY 137
Corporate Strategy (Continued) 138
BRISTOL-MYERS SQUIBB 139
BUSINESS OVERVIEW 139
FINANCIAL INFORMATION 139
PRODUCTS 139
CORPORATE STRATEGY 139
CELGENE CORPORATION 140
BUSINESS OVERVIEW 140
FINANCIAL INFORMATION 140
PRODUCTS 140
FINANCIAL INFORMATION 140
CORPORATE STRATEGY 140
GILEAD SCIENCES INC. 141
BUSINESS OVERVIEW 141
FINANCIAL INFORMATION 141
PRODUCTS 141
Products (Continued) 142
Table 45 GILEAD'S PRODUCT PIPELINE 143
CORPORATE STRATEGY 143
Corporate Strategy (Continued) 144
GLAXOSMITHKLINE PLC 145
BUSINESS OVERVIEW 145
FINANCIAL INFORMATION 146
PRODUCTS 146
Table 46 GLAXOSMITHKLINE'S ENZYME INHIBITOR PRODUCT PIPELINE 147
CORPORATE STRATEGY 147
ICOS CORPORATION 147
BUSINESS OVERVIEW 147
FINANCIAL INFORMATION 148
PRODUCTS 148
CORPORATE STRATEGY 148
IDENIX PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. 149
BUSINESS OVERVIEW 149
FINANCIAL INFORMATION 149
PRODUCTS 149
CORPORATE STRATEGY 150
INCYTE CORPORATION 150
BUSINESS OVERVIEW 150
FINANCIAL INFORMATION 150
PRODUCTS 151
Table 47 INCYTE'S PRODUCT PIPELINE 152
CORPORATE STRAGEGY 152
Corporate Stragegy (Continued) 153
MEDIVIR AB 154
BUSINESS OVERVIEW 154
FINANCIAL INFORMATION 154
PRODUCTS 154
Table 48 MEDIVIR'S PRODUCT PIPELINE 155
CORPORATE STRATEGY 155
NOVARTIS AG 156
BUSINESS OVERVIEW 156
FINANCIAL INFORMATION 156
PRODUCTS 157
CORPORATE STRATEGY 157
PFIZER CORPORATION 158
BUSINESS OVERVIEW 158
FINANCIAL INFORMATION 158
PRODUCTS 158
CORPORATE STRATEGY 159
PHARMASSET, INC. 159
BUSINESS OVERVIEW 159
PRODUCTS 159
CORPORATE STRATEGY 160
PLEXXIKON, INC. 160
BUSINESS OVERVIEW 160
PRODUCTS 161
CORPORATE STRATEGY 161
SANTARUS, INC. 162
BUSINESS OVERVIEW 162
PRODUCTS 162
CORPORATE STRATEGY 162
TIBOTEC PHARMACEUTICALS LTD. 163
BUSINESS OVERVIEW 163
PRODUCTS 163
CORPORATE STRATEGY 163
VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL 164
BUSINESS OVERVIEW 164
FINANCIAL INFORMATION 164
PRODUCTS 164
CORPORATE STRATEGY 165